Wisconsin Division of Public Health Disease Surveillance Manual (EpiNet, February 2005)

I. IDENTIFICATION

A. CLINICAL DESCRIPTION: Clinical syndromes associated with the pathogenic species of non-tuberculous (atypical) mycobacteria can be classified as follows:

• Disseminated disease in the presence of severe immunodeficiency as in AIDS (Mycobacterium avium, M. intracellulare, M. kansasii, M. haemophilum and M. chelonae).
• Pulmonary disease resembling tuberculosis (M. avium, M. intracellulare, M. kansasii, M. xenopi, M. absessus and M. simiae).
• Lymphadenitis, primarily cervical (M. avium, M. intracellulare, M. kansassi and M. scrofulaceum ).
• Skin ulcers (M. ulcerans, M. marinum).
• Post-traumati c w ould infections (M. avium, M. intracellulare, M. fortuitum, M. chelonae, M. absessus and M. marinum).
• Nosocomial Disease: (M. fortuitum, M. chelonae and M. absessus).
• Surgical wound infections: Sternal following cardiac surgery, mammoplasty wounds.
• Catheter-related infections: Bacteremia, peritonitis and post-injection abscesses.
• Crohn’s Disease (M. paratuberculosis).

B. REPORTING CRITERIA: Laboratory confirmation

C. LABORATORY CRITERIA FOR CONFIRMATION:

• Isolation of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria from the affected area of the body, AND
• Evidence of clinical disease for which no other diagnosis has been made.
  
  NOTE : A single isolate of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria without compatible clinical evidence of disease does not meet the case definition.

D. WISCONSIN CASE DEFINITION: Laboratory confirmation of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria with evidence of compatible clinical disease.

II. ACTIONS REQUIRED / PREVENTION MEASURES

A. WISCONSIN DISEASE SURVEILLANCE CATEGORY IV: Report to the local health officer on an Acute and Communicable Diseases Case Report (DPH 4151) or by telephone within a month of the identification of a case or suspected case. No public health intervention expected.

B. EPIDEMIOLOGY REPORTS REQUIRED: Acute and Communicable Diseases Case Report (DPH 4151).

C. PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS: None

III. CONTACTS FOR CONSULTATION

A. BCDP/ TUBERCULOSIS PROGRAM: (608) 266-9692.

B. REGIONAL STAFF: See Epinet Introduction: “REGIONAL OFFICE CONTACTS”.

C. WSLH / MYCOBACTERIOLOGY UNIT: (608) 262-1618.

 IV. RELATED REFERENCES

1. “Tuberculosis” DPH Disease Fact Sheet Series, POH 4432: View a list of all current Communicable Disease Fact Sheets

2. Heymann DL, ed. TUBERCULOSIS (TB, TB disease). In: Control of Communicable Diseases Manual. 18 th ed. Washington , DC : American Public Health Association, 2004: 560-572.

3. Pickering LK, ed. Tuberculosis. In: 2003 Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 26 th ed. Elk Grove Village , IL : American Academy of Pediatrics; 2003:642-660.